PAST PERFECT TENSE
A. FUNCTIONS
OF THE PAST PERFECT
The
past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event
happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense
makes it clear which one happened first.
In
these examples, Event A is the event that happened first and Event B
is the second or more recent event:
Event
A Event B
John had gone out when
I arrived in the office.
I had saved my document before
the computer crashed.
When they arrived we
had already started cooking.
He
was very tired because he hadn't slept
well.
B. FORMING
THE PAST PERFECT
The Past Perfect tense in English is
composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb to have (had) + the past
participle of the main verb.
Subject
|
had
|
past
participle
|
Affirmative
|
||
She
|
had
|
given
|
Negative
|
||
She
|
hadn't
|
asked
|
Interrogative
|
||
Had
|
they
|
arrived?
|
|
|
|
2.